This can be done by implementing HTTP basic authentication: Create a shared memory zone for the group of upstream servers so that all worker processes can use the same configuration. | Privacy Policy, NGINX Microservices Reference Architecture, Welcome to the NGINX and NGINX Plus Documentation, Installing NGINX Plus on the Google Cloud Platform, Creating NGINX Plus and NGINX Configuration Files, Dynamic Configuration of Upstreams with the NGINX Plus API, Configuring NGINX and NGINX Plus as a Web Server, Using NGINX and NGINX Plus as an Application Gateway with uWSGI and Django, Restricting Access with HTTP Basic Authentication, Authentication Based on Subrequest Result, Limiting Access to Proxied HTTP Resources, Restricting Access to Proxied TCP Resources, Restricting Access by Geographical Location, Securing HTTP Traffic to Upstream Servers, Monitoring NGINX and NGINX Plus with the New Relic Plug-In, High Availability Support for NGINX Plus in On-Premises Deployments, Configuring Active-Active High Availability and Additional Passive Nodes with keepalived, Synchronizing NGINX Configuration in a Cluster, How NGINX Plus Performs Zone Synchronization, Active-Active High Availability with Network Load Balancer, Active-Passive High Availability with Elastic IP Addresses, Global Server Load Balancing with Amazon Route 53, Ingress Controller for Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Services, Active-Active High Availability with Standard Load Balancer, Creating Azure Virtual Machines for NGINX, Migrating Configuration from Hardware ADCs, Enabling Single Sign-On for Proxied Applications, Using NGINX App Protect with NGINX Controller, Installation with the NGINX Ingress Operator, VirtualServer and VirtualServerRoute Resources, Install NGINX Ingress Controller with App Protect, Troubleshoot the Ingress Controller with App Protect Integration. In NGINX Plus Release 5 and later, NGINX Plus can proxy and load balance Transmission Control Protocol) (TCP) traffic. In NGINX Plus Release 5 and later, NGINX Plus can proxy and load balance Transmission Control Protocol) (TCP) traffic. If looking up of IPv6 addresses is not desired, the ipv6=off parameter can be specified. Description. To change the default behavior, include parameters to the health_check directive: interval – How often (in seconds) NGINX Plus sends health check requests (default is 5 seconds), passes – Number of consecutive health checks the server must respond to to be considered healthy (default is 1), fails – Number of consecutive health checks the server must fail to respond to to be considered unhealthy (default is 1). Two optional timeout parameters are specified: the proxy_connect_timeout directive sets the timeout required for establishing a connection with a server in the stream_backend group. To do this, in the top-level stream {} block, find the target upsteam group, add the zone directive to the upstream server group and specify the zone name (here, stream_backend) and the amount of memory (64 KB): Here, access to the location is allowed only from the localhost address (127.0.0.1). This can be done with the slow_start parameter of the upstream server directive: Note that if there is only a single server in a group, the slow_start parameter is ignored and the server is never marked unavailable. TCP is the protocol for many popular applications and services, such as LDAP, MySQL, and RTMP. Social media and advertising. Site functionality and performance. In the example, the time between TCP health checks is increased to 10 seconds, the server is considered unhealthy after 3 consecutive failed health checks, and the server needs to pass 2 consecutive checks to be considered healthy again. Slow start allows an upstream server to gradually recover its weight from zero to its nominal value after it has been recovered or became available. nginx.com uses cookies to This may be useful if a proxied server behind NGINX is configured to accept connections from particular IP networks or IP address ranges. Note that the proxy_pass directive defined in the context of the stream module must not contain a protocol. The proxy_timeout directive sets a timeout used after proxying to one of the servers in the stream_backend group has started. See UDP Health Checks for instructions how to configure health checks for UDP. NGINX Plus sends special health check requests to each upstream server and checks for a response that satisfies certain conditions. Within the upstream {} block, add a server directive for each upstream server, specifying its IP address or hostname (which can resolve to multiple IP addresses) and an obligatory port number. The example shows how to set these parameters to 2 failures within 30 seconds: A recently recovered upstream server can be easily overwhelmed by connections, which may cause the server to be marked as unavailable again. Least Connections – NGINX selects the server with the smaller number of current active connections. The write=on parameter enables read/write access so that changes can be made to upstreams: Limit access to this location with allow and deny directives: When the API is enabled in the write mode, it is recommended restricting access to PATCH, POST, and DELETE methods to particular users. By default, nginx caches answers using the TTL value of a response. provide Or use a TCP/IP address if you configured PHP-FPM to listen on a TCP/IP socket. To define the conditions under which NGINX considers an upstream server unavailable, include the following parameters to the server directive. Copyright © F5, Inc. All rights reserved. If several health checks are configured for an upstream group, the failure of any check is enough to consider the corresponding server unhealthy. See TCP Health Checks for instructions how to configure health checks for TCP. In this case, you must specify the server’s port number in the proxy_pass directive and must not specify the protocol before IP address or hostname: NGINX can continually test your TCP or UDP upstream servers, avoid the servers that have failed, and gracefully add the recovered servers into the load‑balanced group. NGINX site functionality and are therefore always enabled. nginx was trying to load this default config, which listens to port 80 over IPv6, then it was also loading my read my real configs.Removing that symlink fixed the problem. NGINX Plus does not proxy client connections to unhealthy servers. If the two parameter is specified, first, NGINX randomly selects two servers taking into account server weights, and then chooses one of these servers using the specified method: The Random load balancing method should be used for distributed environments where multiple load balancers are passing requests to the same set of backends. Building nginx on the Win32 platform with Visual C; Setting up NGINX Plus environment on Amazon EC2; Debugging nginx with DTrace pid provider They The second server listens on port 53 and proxies all UDP datagrams (the udp parameter to the listen directive) to an upstream group called dns_servers. In the server for eadch server, the server name is followed by the obligatory port number. nginx.com uses cookies to provide Site functionality and performance. There are two named upstream blocks, each containing three servers that host the same content as one another. Access from all other IP addresses is denied. Create the top-level http {} block or make sure it is present in your configuration: Create a location for configuration requests, for example, api: In this location specify the api directive: By default, the NGINX Plus API provides read-only access to data. The method used to calculate lowest average latency depends on which of the following parameters is included on the least_time directive: Hash – NGINX selects the server based on a user‑defined key, for example, the source IP address ($remote_addr): The Hash load‑balancing method is also used to configure session persistence. Refer to the block from the health_check directive by specifying the match parameter and the name of the match block: Within the match block, specify the conditions or tests under which a health check succeed. For example, to add a new server to the server group, send a POST request: To remove a server from the server group, send a DELETE request: To modify a parameter for a specific server, send a PATCH request: This is a configuration example of TCP and UDP load balancing with NGINX: In this example, all TCP and UDP proxy‑related functionality is configured inside the stream block, just as settings for HTTP requests are configured in the http block. These tests are defined with the match {} configuration block placed in the stream {} context. If you identify the server by hostname, and configure the hostname to resolve to multiple IP addresses, then NGINX load balances traffic across the IP addresses using the Round Robin algorithm. Because it is the default method, there is no round‑robin directive; simply create an upstream {} configuration block in the top‑level stream {} context and add server directives as described in the previous step. The block can accept the following parameters: These parameters can be used in different combinations, but no more than one send and one expect parameter can be specified at a time: The example shows that in order for a health check to pass, the HTTP request must be sent to the server, and the expected result from the server contains 200 OK to indicate a successful HTTP response. | Privacy Policy, #TCP traffic will be forwarded to the "stream_backend" upstream group, #TCP traffic will be forwarded to the specified server, #UDP traffic will be forwarded to the "dns_servers" upstream group, # Configuration of an upstream server group, # Server that proxies connections to the upstream group, NGINX Microservices Reference Architecture, Welcome to the NGINX and NGINX Plus Documentation, Installing NGINX Plus on the Google Cloud Platform, Creating NGINX Plus and NGINX Configuration Files, Dynamic Configuration of Upstreams with the NGINX Plus API, Configuring NGINX and NGINX Plus as a Web Server, Using NGINX and NGINX Plus as an Application Gateway with uWSGI and Django, Restricting Access with HTTP Basic Authentication, Authentication Based on Subrequest Result, Limiting Access to Proxied HTTP Resources, Restricting Access to Proxied TCP Resources, Restricting Access by Geographical Location, Securing HTTP Traffic to Upstream Servers, Monitoring NGINX and NGINX Plus with the New Relic Plug-In, High Availability Support for NGINX Plus in On-Premises Deployments, Configuring Active-Active High Availability and Additional Passive Nodes with keepalived, Synchronizing NGINX Configuration in a Cluster, How NGINX Plus Performs Zone Synchronization, Active-Active High Availability with Network Load Balancer, Active-Passive High Availability with Elastic IP Addresses, Global Server Load Balancing with Amazon Route 53, Ingress Controller for Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Services, Active-Active High Availability with Standard Load Balancer, Creating Azure Virtual Machines for NGINX, Migrating Configuration from Hardware ADCs, Enabling Single Sign-On for Proxied Applications, Using NGINX App Protect with NGINX Controller, Installation with the NGINX Ingress Operator, VirtualServer and VirtualServerRoute Resources, Install NGINX Ingress Controller with App Protect, Troubleshoot the Ingress Controller with App Protect Integration, Example of TCP and UDP Load-Balancing Configuration, Latest NGINX Plus (no extra build steps required) or latest, An application, database, or service that communicates over TCP or UDP, Upstream servers, each running the same instance of the application, database, or service. Configure the load‑balancing method used by the upstream group. Specify a shared memory zone – a special area where the NGINX Plus worker processes share state information about counters and connections. for In the match block, I’m defining the request NGINX sends and the specific response it … For TCP applications, NGINX Plus terminates the TCP connections and creates new connections to the backend. The buffers are controlled with the proxy_buffer_size directive: Create a group of servers, or an upstream group whose traffic will be load balanced. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is the protocol for many popular non-transactional applications, such as DNS, syslog, and RADIUS. If the backend application server (PHP-FPM) is running on a separate server (replace 10.42.0.10 with the IP address of the machine on which the PHP-FPM FastCGI server is running). Populate the upstream group with upstream servers. This chapter describes how to use NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source to proxy and load balance TCP and UDP traffic. This document interchangeably uses the terms "Lua" and "LuaJIT" to refer … In NGINX Plus Release 9 and later, NGINX Plus can proxy and load balance UDP traffic. NGINX site functionality and are therefore always enabled. These cookies are required Note that you do not define the protocol for each server, because that is defined for the entire upstream group by the parameter you include on the listen directive in the server block, which you have created earlier. It is a core component of OpenResty.If you are using this module, then you are essentially using OpenResty. Include the proxy_bind directive and the IP address of the appropriate network interface: Optionally, you can tune the size of two in‑memory buffers where NGINX can put data from both the client and upstream connections. help better tailor NGINX advertising to your interests. So if a connection attempt times out or fails at least once in a 10‑second period, NGINX marks the server as unavailable for 10 seconds. The optional valid parameter allows overriding it: resolver 127.0.0.1 [::1]:5353 valid=30s; Using nginx as HTTP load balancer; Configuring HTTPS servers; How nginx processes a TCP/UDP session; Scripting with njs; Chapter “nginx” in “The Architecture of Open Source Applications” How-To. These cookies are required By default, NGINX Plus tries to connect to each server in an upstream server group every 5 seconds. functionality and performance. For UDP traffic, also include the udp parameter. Nginx (pronounced Engine x) is a free, open-source, high-performance, scalable, reliable, full-featured and popular HTTP and reverse proxy server, a mail proxy server, and a generic TCP/UDP proxy server.. Nginx is well known for its simple configuration, and low resource consumption due to its high performance, it is being used to power several high-traffic sites on … You can specify another port for health checks, which is particularly helpful when monitoring the health of many services on the same host. By default NGINX keepalive_timeout is set to 75s. The three server blocks define three virtual servers: The first server listens on port 12345 and proxies all TCP connections to the stream_backend group of upstream servers. Cookies that help connect to social In NGINX Plus Release 9 and later, NGINX Plus can proxy and load balance UDP traffic. Using this interface, you can view all servers in an upstream group or a particular server, modify server parameters, and add or remove upstream servers. Add the zone directive to the upstream server group and specify the zone name (here, stream_backend) and the amount of memory (64 KB): Enable active health checks for the upstream group with the health_check directive: If necessary, reduce a timeout between two consecutive health checks with the health_check_timeout directive. I had the same problem after running apt-get dist-upgrade, which upgraded the nginx package, which created a link in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled to /etc/nginx/sites-available/default. To pass a configuration command to NGINX, send an API command by any method, for example, with curl. How do I load balance TCP traffic and setup SSL Passthrough to pass SSL traffic received at the load balancer onto the backend web servers? The third virtual server listens on port 12346 and proxies TCP connections to backend4.example.com, which can resolve to several IP addresses that are load balanced with the Round Robin method. networks, and advertising cookies (of third parties) to Back to TOC. Health checks can be configured to test a wide range of failure types. Fine-Tuning TCP Health Checks. This module embeds LuaJIT 2.0/2.1 into Nginx. For environments where the load balancer has a full view of all requests, use other load balancing methods, such as round robin, least connections and least time. GCE-GKE ¶ First, you will need to configure reverse proxy so that NGINX Plus or NGINX Open Source can forward TCP connections or UDP datagrams from clients to an upstream group or a proxied server. Specify an optional consistent parameter to apply the ketama consistent hashing method: Random – Each connection will be passed to a randomly selected server. Since version v0.10.16 of this module, the standard Lua interpreter (also known as "PUC-Rio Lua") is not supported anymore. Copyright © F5, Inc. All rights reserved. More information with regards to timeouts can be found in the official AWS documentation. This directive overrides the proxy_timeout value for health checks, as for health checks this timeout needs to be significantly shorter: By default, NGINX Plus sends health check messages to the port specified by the server directive in the upstream block. networks, and advertising cookies (of third parties) to They The default values are 10 seconds and 1 attempt. Privacy Policy. Connect Nginx to PHP-FPM Using Unix Socket. This chapter describes how to configure health checks for TCP. Nginx (engine x) is an HTTP and reverse proxy server, a mail proxy server, and a generic TCP/UDP proxy server You have configured an upstream group of TCP servers in the stream context, for example: You have configured a server that passes TCP connections to the server group: If an attempt to connect to an upstream server times out or results in an error, NGINX Open Source or NGINX Plus can mark the server as unavailable and stop sending requests to it for a defined amount of time. for Connections are distributed among the servers according to the Least Connections load‑balancing method: a connection goes to the server with the fewest number of active connections. You can specify one of the following methods: Round Robin – By default, NGINX uses the Round Robin algorithm to load balance traffic, directing it sequentially to the servers in the configured upstream group. TCP and UDP Load Balancing. Thu, 10 Dec 2020 20:09:39 +0300: Maxim Dounin: Removed extra allocation for r->uri. Slow start is exclusive to NGINX Plus. For more information, check out this introduction to load balancing with NGINX and NGINX Plus. Fri, 11 Dec 2020 13:42:07 +0300: Maxim Dounin: Fixed double close of non-regular files in flv and mp4. Load balancing refers to efficiently distributing network traffic across multiple backend servers. As the hash function is based on client IP address, connections from a given client are always passed to the same server unless the server is down or otherwise unavailable.